Imagine a creature that looks like a horse, with a camel's fur and a long, muscular nose the size of a boot. This bizarre-looking animal is a member of a group of now-extinct mammals called litopterns, which have only been found in South America. No one knows how they are related to other mammals; until more fossils are found, they are assumed to be distant relatives of our familiar hoofed animals.

PRONUNCIATION: MAK-RAW-KEE-NEE-AH
LIVED: 7 million — 20,000 years ago
SIZE: 5 feet at the shoulder
FACT: Herbivorous, browsing on trees
MEANING: Long llama
CLOSEST LIVING RELATIVE: None; died out
RANGE: South America